Imagine your camera's viewfinder (your smartphone's screen) divided up into 9 equal parts, with two equally-spaced horizontal lines and two equally-spaced vertical lines splitting them up.
It's also a different color than natural lighting, so your subject will often come across over-saturated and in high contrast. LED flash will generally put far too much light on the subject, resulting in an over-exposed foreground that lacks detail, with shadows cast on the background of your shot resulting in some portions being under-exposed. In these cases, using the LED flash is a necessity, but beyond that, it should be avoided like the plague. There are plenty of times where you might want to capture the moment, but you and your friends are hanging out at a dimly-lit bar. I personally never use the LED flash on my phone, since my general rule is, "If the lighting isn't there, the shot isn't either." But I don't generally take pictures of myself or other people, so it's easy for me to get away with this. Tip #2: Avoid Using the LED Flash if Possible If this isn't possible, simply crop the photo after you take it, which would effectively be the same as digital zoom, except it offers more control.
In lieu of optical zoom, do your best to physically bring your smartphone closer to the subject of your photo. This means that any zooming you do with your smartphone camera is of the digital variety (unless you buy an attachable lens for it), which only serves to increase the size of the underlying pixels, making the image pixelated as a result. The vast majority of smartphone camera lenses are still not capable of optical zoom, since they have to be compact enough to fit in the back of your phone, which rules out multiple layers of mechanically-operated lenses.
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